Osteoporosis & Bone Health
About This Condition
Osteoporosis affects over 10 million Americans, with an additional 44 million having low bone density (osteopenia). It is a silent disease until fracture — and hip fractures in particular carry a one-year mortality rate of 20–30%. Despite this severity, bone health receives almost no attention in primary care until a fracture occurs or a DXA scan returns flagged results. The drivers of bone loss are multifactorial: estrogen and testosterone decline, vitamin D and K2 deficiency, calcium metabolism dysregulation, inadequate dietary protein, physical inactivity (particularly absence of impact and resistance loading), proton pump inhibitor use (impairing calcium absorption), and corticosteroid exposure.
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